I think it has other roots has to do in part with a general anxiety in contemporary life… nuclear bombs inequality of possibility and chance inequality of goods allotted to us a kind of general racist unjust attitude that is pervasive.
Hardboiled crime fiction came of age in 'Black Mask' magazine during the Twenties and Thirties. Writers like Dashiell Hammett and Raymond Chandler learnt their craft and developed a distinct literary style and attitude toward the modern world.
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I won't say there aren't any Harvard graduates who have never asserted a superior attitude. But they have done so to our great embarrassment and in no way represent the Harvard I know.